History and Philology of Ancient Byzantine and Modern Greece

The Hellenes (Greeks) lived in Asia Minor, in their historical homeland, since antiquity, where the ancient hellenic cities flourished until the Hellenistic years. Much later, Asia Minor was conquered by Turkic tribes who moved there from Central Asia. The Greeks remained in these territories until the beginning of the 20th century, when the Kemalists seized power of the Ottoman state. The Seven Churches, the Seven Lamps of Hellenic-Christian culture, were extinguished.. From Aeolia to Lycia and Cilicia, from Bithynia to Paphlagonia and Cappadocia, and from Caria and Ionia to Lydia, Mysia, Pisidia and Pamphilia, the Hellenic element was culturally dominant, except for some periods until the Roman conquest, when the Hittites first and then the Persians subdued by force of arms and numerical superiority the flourishing Hellenic cities and towns of Asia Minor.. Greeks founded colonies and other settlements in new environments.This whole process took place during the period of the first and second Great Greek Colonisation in 8th and 6th centuries BCE, respectively. The Greek diaspora established colonies (city-states) and other settlements in the lands that stretching from the Iberian Peninsula in the West to North Africa in the South and the Euxeinos Pontos in the North East. Greek culture and local cultures met, influenced, and enriched each other. This cultural heritage, that they created together and which was kept until the roman and byzantine era,formed later the basis foundations of modern European culture.. Beginning from the 9th century, the route from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea became particularly profitable and important to the Slavs. One of Constantinople most powerful trading partners was Ancient Russia. An important revival in relations between Russia and Constantinople happened in the 9th century when the waterway «From the Varangians to the Greeks» connected northern Europe with the South.. The Greeks, with the invitation to the area of Azov of Catherine II The Great, were the descendants of the Ionians, who lived in Asia Minor and after the persecution of the Turks on the coast of Asia Minor, in the Aegean and Crete fled to the lands of Novorussia. The Greeks during 400 years of slavery under the Turkish yoke and occupation retained their language and Christian faith as Crypto-Christians. The restoration of the colonists from Greece to the lands of southern Russia, Catherine The Great II, considered it reasonable and necessary..

Table of Contents

FIRST THEMATIC UNIT: CONFLICT BETWEEN THE RHODIANS AND LYCIANS IN THE LIGHT OF HOMER’S ILIAD SECOND THEMATIC UNIT: AEGEAN GREEKS IN IBERIA AND SOUTHERN GAUL: THE FLOURISHING HELLENIC COLONIES AS TRANSIT TRADE HUBS FOURTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE CIMMERIANS AND THEIR TOPONYMS IN ASIA MINOR CRIMEA AND NORTH CAUCASUS. THE CASE OF LYGDA IN LYDIA FIFTH THEMATIC UNIT: ON THE RELATION OF HOMER AND HIS POEMS TO IONIA IN ASIA MINOR (IN GREEK) SIXTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE GREAT ROUTE «FROM THE VARANGIANS TO GREEKS SEVENTH THEMATIC UNIT: PYTHEAS THE MASSALIOTE IN THE WAY OF AMBER.. EIGHTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE GREEK CHURCH OF SAINTS CONSTANTINE AND HELEN AND THE SCHOOLS OF THE GREEK COMMUNITY OF TAGANROG IN NOVORUSSIA (18TH-EARLY 20TH C. AD) NINTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE GREEK MONASTERY OF THE HOLY TRINITY IN TAGANROG NOVORUSSIA OF THE EXARCHIA OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE OF THE PATRIARCHATE JERUSALEM (19TH-EARLY 20TH C. AD) TENTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THEOPHANES THE GREEK IN THE HISTORY OF RUSSIAN ICONOGRAPHY. HIS WORKS IN NOVGOROD ELEVENTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE MONK PAISIUS VELICHKOVSKI AS THE FOUNDER OF MONASTICISM IN RUSSIA TWELVE THEMATIC UNIT: THE GREEK DIASPORA IN THE AREA OF AZOV (18TH–19TH C. AD). THE CASE OF TAGANROG IN NOVORUSSIA THIRTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE «SMALL SANTORINI» ON THE RIVER DON FOURTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: THE FAMILY OF GREEK-MOLDOVAN BOYARS STURDZA (15TH–19TH C. AD) FIFTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: ON THE GRACE OF THEODOR METOCHITES WHO RENOVATED THE CHURCH OF SAINT SAVIOUR IN CHORA OF CONSTANTINOPLE (IN GREEK) SIXTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: GREEKS TO ANCIENT ERITHREA IN IONIA OF ASIA MINOR (IN GREEK) SEVENTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: HELLENIC CITIES OF THE BOSPHORAN KINGDOM: MILESIAN PANTICAPAEUM: HISTORICAL PERIPLOUS (IN GREEK) EIGHTEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: STAVROPOL AS THE CAPITAL CITY OF PONTIC HELLENISM IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS NINETEENTH THEMATIC UNIT: MODERN HELLENIC POETRY (IN GREEK & ENGLISH) TWENTIETH THEMATIC UNIT: THE ROAD HAD ITS OWN HISTORY.. TRAVEL HISTORY NARRATIVE.

Keywords

Asia Minor, Homer, Herodotus, Ionia, Lycia, Karia, Pisidia, Ancient Rhodes, Hellenic colonization, Greeks in Iberia, Cimmerians and toponyms, Epic of Homer, History of Herodotus, Pytheas of Massaliote, Bosporan Kingdom, Greek colonies in Black Sea, Olvia and Rhodians, Panticapeum, Athena of Lindos, The Great Route From the Varangians to Greeks, Byzantine Constantinople, Monastery of Chora and Frescoes, Athos and Russian Iconography, Monasticism and Slavians, Paisius Velichkovsky, Theophanes the Greek, Greeks in Azov, Greek Diaspora in Taganrog Novorussia, Greeks in Donbass, Small Santorini in the river Don, Greek schools and churches in Taganrog, Greek diaspora in North Caucasus, Ancient Erithrea in Asia Minor and Greeks, Homer and Ionia, Theodor Metochites, The family of Greek-Moldavian boyar Sturdza, Modern hellenic poetry.